| |
Date |
Event(s) |
| 1 | 1857 | - 4 Mar 1857—3 Mar 1861: James Buchanan, 15th President of the United States
 James Buchanan
|
| 2 | 1859 | |
| 3 | 1861 | - 4 Mar 1861—15 Apr 1865: Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States
 Abraham Lincoln
- 12 Apr 1861: American Civil War
- 25 May 1861—14 Apr 1864: American Civil War
|
| 4 | 1862 | - 1862: Lincoln issues first legal US paper money (Greenbacks)
- 20 Apr 1862: First pasteurisation test completed by Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
|